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OPEN AI"zzz CHAT GPT -3 ChatGPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a chatbot launched by OpenAI in November 2022. It builds on his OpenAI's GPT 3.5 family of large-scale language models and is fine-tuned with both supervised and reinforcement learning techniques. ChatGPT was launched as a prototype on November 30, 2022 and quickly gained attention for its detailed and clear answers in many knowledge areas. Its uneven factual accuracy is recognized as a significant shortcoming. Training ChatGPT has been improved based on his GPT-3.5 using supervised learning and reinforcement learning. Both approaches used human trainers to improve model performance. In supervised learning, the model was provided with a conversation in which the trainer acted as both the user and the AI ​​assistant. In the reinforcement step, the human trainer first sorted the responses the model made in previous conversations. These rankings were used to create a further refined 'reward model' usi...

TECHBYTES   Microsoft today announced that it has acquired Lumenisity, a U.K.-based startup developing “hollow core fiber (HCF)” technologies primarily for data centers and ISPs. Microsoft says that the purchase, the terms of which weren’t disclosed, will “expand [its] ability to further optimize its global cloud infrastructure” and “serve Microsoft’s cloud platform and services customers with strict latency and security requirements.” HCF cables fundamentally combine optical fiber and coaxial cable. They’ve been around since the ’90s, but what Lumenisity brings to the table is a proprietary design with an air-filled center channel surrounded by a ring of glass tubes. The idea is that light can travel faster through air than glass; in a trial with Comcast in April, a single strand of Lumenisity HCF was reportedly able to deliver traffic rates ranging from 10 Gbps to 400 Gbps. “HCF can provide benefits across a broad range of industries including healthcare, financial services, manu...

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WHAT IS R.F.I.D !........ Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID system consists of a small radio transponder, a radio receiver and a transmitter. When triggered by an interrogating electromagnetic pulse from a nearby RFID reader, the tag sends digital data (usually an identifying inventory number) back to the reader. This number can be used to track inventory items.  Passive tags are powered by interrogating radio waves from an RFID reader. Active tags are battery powered and can be read by RFID readers from up to hundreds of meters away. Unlike bar codes, labels do not have to be in the reader's field of view, so they can be incorporated into tracked objects. RFID is one method of automatic identification and data collection (AIDC). RFID tags are used in many industries. For example, RFID tags attached to cars during production can be used to track assembly line progress, RFID tagged...

  WHAT IS:-(N.F.C) !............. Near Field Communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that allow two electronic devices to communicate over a distance of 4 cm (112 inches) or less. NFC provides low-speed connectivity through a simple setup that can be used to bootstrap higher-performance wireless connections. Like other "proximity card" technologies, NFC is based on inductive coupling between two so-called antennas present in NFC-enabled devices (such as smartphones and printers) rotating in one or both directions at a frequency of 13.56 MHz. . A globally available, unlicensed radio frequency ISM band using the ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface standard with data rates from 106 to 424 kbit/s. The standard was provided by the NFC Forum. This forum was responsible for promoting technology, setting standards, and certifying device compliance. If it meets the criteria to be considered a personal area network, it can be used for secure communication by applying encryp...